Knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course, students will have to demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the main CNS pathologies, with pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic details.
Applying knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course, students should be able to approach simple examples of clinical cases and recognize, according to clinical presention, the main CNS pathologies treated during lessions.
Making judgements: at the end of the course, students should be able to propose, according to acquired notions, not only diagnostic hypotheses, but also the diagnostic and therapeutic approach according to clinical presentations.
Communication skills: at the end of the course, students should be able to use specific language and terms, in particular for the description of clinical and semiotic presentation of neurological diseases.
Learning skills: at the end of the course, students should be able to use the knowledge to maximize the future learning of new concepts that require propaedeutic neurological background.

Those determined by Local Committee.
Adequate knowledge of neuroanatomy and nervous system physiology, pharmacology.

Introduction: anatomy, pathophysiology of CNS, neurological semiology: pyramidal system, main sensory pathways, cerebellum role, first and second motoneuron syndrome. Examples of neurological examination.
Motor neuron disease: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Brief introduction to other motor neuron diseases.
CNS infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of CNS infections (meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess). Brief introduction to prion diseases.
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis, brief introduction to other CNS demyelinating diseases (NMOSD and MOGAD).
Traumatic brain injury: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of traumatic brain injury, TBI consequences. Treatment options.
Trigeminal nerve anatomy. Headache general classification. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of migraine, tension headache, cluster headache and trigeminal neuralgia. Red flags for secondary headache.
Facial palsy: facial nerve anatomy. Peripheral vs central facial palsy. Bell’s palsy: diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment.

1) Neurologia per le Professioni Sanitarie; A. Padovani, B. Borroni, M. S. Cotelli; Piccin, 2017.
2) L'esame neurologico, quadri normali e patologici; M. Prencipe; Piccin, 2011.
3) Netter’s Neuroanatomia in sintesi; M. Rubin, J.E.Safdich; Piccin, 2022
4) Slide delle lezioni.
5) Manuale di oncologia medica - COMU ( Collegio degli Oncologi Medici Italiani ) - Aglietta
Edizione II 2021

Frontal lessons and clinical discussion

The final exam will be oral and consists of open questions on the topics discussed during frontal lessons and the discussion of simple clinical cases already explained during the lessons. The student will be required to provide details regarding specific diseases (epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment) and show clinical reason
ing skills in order to hypothesize possible diagnosis and propose tests and treatments for clinical cases.
The final score will be expressed in /30. To achieve minimal score to pass the exam (18/30) the student has to demonstrate e sufficient knowledge of the main aspects of the pathologies discussed during the lessons and propose one plausible diagnose for the clinical case. To obtain the maximum score (30/30 cum laude) the student has to show excellent knowledge of all the topics proposed during the exam.

The carrying out of partial tests, the results of which will be published using the "Partial tests" IT tool provided by the Esse3 platform, and the provision of a single final exam in which the Commission proceeds to verify the overall results of the integrated teaching and the related verbalization

To promote knowledge and ameliorate clinical reasoning, in order to reduce the resource allocation to futile paraclinical tests and improve the development of a good health policy, ensuring the real well-being of the patients and their caregivers.