Recognition and treatment of cardiac arrest and basic life support, emergency treatment. Principles of local and inhalation anesthesia, stratification of operative risk. Knowledge and ability to understand. The student must show expertise in the recognition of the cardiocirculatory arrest and in the application of the basic maneuvers of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The student must know the principles and limitations of non-invasive monitoring of cardio-respiratory functions such as pulse-oximetry and capnography. In addition, the student will have to show expertise in the choice of local anesthetics and inhalers, knowing their pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics and side effects with relative basic treatment. Finally, the student must demonstrate knowledge of the classifications and know how to apply them for the anesthetic risk stratification (ASA) Ability to apply knowledge. The student must demonstrate that he/she has acquired skills and demonstrate understanding of resuscitation maneuvers by means of a manikin exercise. The student must demonstrate that he is able to apply the correct monitoring of vital functions according to the procedures and the type of patient treated. Autonomy of judgment. At the end of the course, the student must demonstrate that he is able to use the skills acquired with independent judgment. You will need to be able to identify and treat cardiorespiratory arrest. The student will have to demonstrate to apply a logical choice drug in the different clinical situations, based on their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics characteristics. Communication skills. At the end of the course, the student must be able to explain the concepts above. Learning ability. The student must be able to find the information and learn independently the topics covered

Basic knowledge of pathophysiology and anatomy

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, monitoring of vital functions, general and local anesthesia, management of emergency in dental practice

Any updated textbook of anesthesiology

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, monitoring of vital functions, general and local anaesthesia, management of dental emergencies Pathophysiology of pain: receptors, nerve pathways, chemical mediators, modulation systems, pain control methods. Clinical pictures. Local anaesthetics: nerve and nerve conduction, characteristics of local anaesthetics, structure-activity relationship, theories of mechanism of action, factors affecting absorption and efficacy, metabolism and elimination, effects on the central nervous system, effects on the heart and vessels. Vasoconstrictors: actions, purpose of pharmacological use, contraindications, complications. Complications of loco-regional anaesthesia: patient-related and technical accidents, drugs used; neurogenic reactions, allergy, anaphylaxis, toxic reactions from local anaesthetic and vasoconstrictors; symptomatology and treatment; accident prevention. Outpatient anaesthesia: characteristics, indications and contraindications, organisational problems, patient discharge. Patient assessment: preoperative examination, diseases that increase risk, anaesthesia risk assessment, patient preparation, preoperative examinations, drug interactions, choice of anaesthesia technique. Pre-anaesthesia: functions, drugs, routes and times of administration, dosages. Anaesthetics and myorelaxants: inhalation anaesthetics, absorption, elimination, speed of induction; potency; intravenous anaesthetics, neuroleptoanalgesia, depolarising and non-depolarising myorelaxants, mechanism of action, block antagonism, characteristics of drugs in use. Instrumentation: anaesthesia apparatus, tracheal intubation, anaesthesia circuits, venous access equipment. Anaesthesia techniques in dentistry: anxiety in dentistry, conscious sedation or relative analgesia, nitrous oxide technique, IM and EV techniques.Narcosis: concept, signs of narcosis, monitoring, complications. Analgesics: classes of drugs, pharmacological actions, side effects, post-operative pain control. Emergencies in surgery: prevention and treatment, instrumentation and drugs, first aid techniques, main clinical pictures. Shock: anaphylactic shock. Respiratory resuscitation. Cardiocirculatory resuscitation: artificial ventilation, cardiocirculatory arrest, etiopathogenesis, signs, cardiac massage, electric defibrillation, pharmacological treatment.

Frontal lessons

Released slides and pdf documents

The student's assessment includes an oral exam consisting of the presentation of a topic chosen by the student and subsequent open questions. The student will have to demonstrate that he is able to exhibit the chosen theme in an exhaustive way and with language properties according to a logical expository scheme. To pass the exam (18/30) the student must demonstrate that he has acquired knowledge complete on the chosen topic and at least sufficient on the other open questions. The exam cannot be considered passed if the maneuvers concerning life support (Basic Life Support and Defibrillation) are not correctly adjusted. To obtain the maximum score (30/30 cum laude), the student must instead demonstrate that he has acquired an excellent knowledge of the BLSD maneuvers, exposing himself in an excellent way with personal research contributions on the chosen topic and correctly answering all the questions open. The score of the exam is attributed by means of a mark expressed out of thirty calculated based on the level of answers provided.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs). The course will explain the techniques and ways to reduce the environmental dispersion of nitrous oxide used in the context of conscious sedation and halogenated gases during general anesthesia. The impact of the use of pre-filled syringes on patient and operator safety will also be highlighted. Furthermore, the important reduction of hazardous waste, its disposal and environmental impact will be considered