D1) Knowledge and understanding
Knowing the modern labour economics choice methods for individual and firms;
Knowing both history of labour economic thought and the empirical evidence.
Knowledge on different equilibrium models in a little economy
Knowledge on internal and international labour mobility
Knowledge on evaluation methods of public policy for the labour market

D2) APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
- to be able to understand how to explain the labour market statistics
- have the capacity to distinguish and analyse different equilibrium solution in different theoretical contexts;
- to be able to identify and propose the right labour market measure for different theories;
- to be able to analyse different inernational migrations contexts and solutions;
-be able to understand the different solutions for external economic shocks.
D3) Making judgements: Starting from the examples related to the historical evolution of different theories and descriptive models of the matter, students will be stimulated to develop their ability to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the various theories dealt with during the course and, on the dynamics of scientific progress. Students will also be able to resolve problems with different possible approaches and autonomouslly resolve practical exercises on individual choice, labour demand and equilibrium solutions.
D4) Communication skills: During the course students will be stimulated to communicate with other students to develop collaborative lecture notes. At the end of the course students must be able to clearly present the acquired concepts and show the ability to link the various topics together and during seminars.
D5) Ability to learn: Students must be able to independently explore the topics covered in the course, developing, also through self-evaluation tests carried out during the course, the ability to identify the issues that need more attention and in-depth study.

PREREQUISITES
It is requested an undergraduate microeconomics course or a course in principles of political economy. Students should know the basics of economics and statistics methods. they have to know the neoclassical models of demand and supply and the capacity to apply the basics of mathematics for economics and statistics.

Introduction: Brief Introduction to History of Labor Economics Thought; Labour data and statistics: some insight; use of models and graphs Literature reference Textbook and materials on moodle2.units: Labor supply: The basic neoclassical model (short term); the supply curve of labor ; Female labor supply: timesheet, household production and birth The supply of labor in the long run Labour Demand in the short term and in the long run The elasticity of substitution and the Marshall derived demand curve The adjustment costs and the empirical analysis of the labour demand. The labour market perfect competition equilibrium with homogeneous labor The competitive equilibrium with heterogeneous labour Not competitive equilibrium: monopoly, monopsony and an introduction to the model of imperfect competition with institutions Human capital: Education and the labour market with some stylized facts Estimation of the return to schooling: the model and an applications to the European cases Selection and recruitment of staff The problem of the workers selection Schooling as a signaling device Mechanisms of screening and compensation The investment in education as a signal of ability Investment in training, general versus specific human capital The internal human resources management and dismissal The efficiency wages Implicit and explicit contracts Job dismissals and the end of a labour contract

Italian Textbook: Pepi De Caleo/Luchino Brucchi (2015), Manuale di Economia del Lavoro, Ed. Il Mulino, Bologna. Capitoli da I a VI; XI e XIV. See also: http://www.pandoracampus.it English Textbook: George J. Borjas (2010), Labour Economics, McGraw-Hill. Chapters from 1 to 4; 6; 8, 9; 10; 11. only §1 e 5; Ch.12. § 1-3, 7 and 10 Lazear, E.P. (1998), Personnel Economics for Managers, Wiley & Sons. (Ch. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12) Lecturer's slides and further readings are disposable on https://moodle2.units.it// page dedicated to the course

Introduction: Brief Introduction to History of Labor Economics Thought; Labour statistics: some insights; use of models and graphs (see moodle.units.it) Literature reference Textbook and materials on moodle.units: 1. Labor supply 1.1. The basic neoclassical model (short term). 1.1.1. The preferences of the worker 1.1.2. The budget constraint 1.1.3. The decision on working hours 1.1.4. Work or not work? 1.1.5. The supply curve of labor 1.1.6. The supply of female labor 2. Labour supply: timesheet, household production and birth 2.1. The supply of labor in the family context 2.2 Labour choice and natality costs 2.3 gender gap and the inactivity problem 3. Labour Demand 3.1. The production function 3.2. The labour demand in the short term and long run 3.3. The elasticity of substitution 3.4. The Marshall derived demand curveThe wage bill: net wage versus labour cost 3.7. Empirical analysis of the labour demand. 3.8 Exercises (in the Moodle platform) 4 The labour market 4.1. The perfect competition equilibrium. 4.2. The equilibrium with homogeneous labor 4.3. The competitive equilibrium with heterogeneous labor and employment 4.4. The pay structure, transfers, subsidies 4.5. Not competitive equilibrium: monopoly, monopsony and imperfect competition 4.6. Mismatching in the labour market and solutions 4.7 the active and passive labour market policies 5. Human capital 5.1. Education and the labour market: some stylized facts 5.2. Estimation of the return to schooling 5.3. The model of education 5.4. Education and earnings 5.5. Estimation of the return to education: an application to the Italian case 6. The internal human resources management and recruitment 6.1. The problem of the workers selection 6.2. Schooling as a signaling device 6.3. Mechanisms of screening and compensation 6.4. The fixed term contracts and increasing wages 6.5. The investment in education as a signal of ability 6.6. Investment in training, general versus specific human capital 7. The efficiency wages and explicit contracts 8. The job dismissals Student seminar: the issues to be treated are 1) International Migrations; 2) Tchnological Innovation and the Labour Market

lectures
seminars of external experts
interactive tests and discussions on moodle2.

Students attending the course are offered the possibility to present a team work.

Slides and some pdf texts are disposable on Moodle units platform. Key: 614EC_23

WRITTEN EXAM All students attending or not the lectures have to write an exam in 90 minutes. It concerns the solution of an exercise, three/five guided open questions and four multiple choice questions. SEMINAR/REPORT The students attending the lectures are prepared to give a seminar on a specific issue on the basis of a selected literature disposable on Moodle2 platform. The topics are changing every year. INTERACTIVE TEST (for all students) On the Moodle2 Platform the students may solve some interactive tests, giving the possibility to cumulate up to 3 points. These will be added to the final note. NOT ATTENDING STUDENTS EXAMS The students who decide not to attend the lectures have to write an exam as for all students. The students may solve some interactive tests on Moodle2, giving the possibility to cumulate up to 2 points, to be added to the final note. These will be added to the final note. The student not attending the lectures have to write a report on the suggested issues and literature proposed in the Moodle2 platform of the course.

There are many issues concerning the SDG indexes, such as working poverty, income and working inequalities, gender gap (SDG 1, 5, 10). The quality of work is analysed at the individual, regional and macroeconomic level (SDG 8), looking at job safety, wage levels, the characteristics of employment and of human resources. The quality of education is also treated as an instrument enabling human capacity, as well as a fundamental characteristic to enhance job performance (SDG 4).