The general objective of the course is to provide knowledge on the theoretical foundations of nursing science and the basis of the methodology of clinical nursing reasoning. At the end of the course, in accordance with the Dublin Descriptors, in order to pass the exam the student must demonstrate:
1. Knowledge and understanding ability
Know and have understood: (1) the main stages of the evolution of nursing; (2) the fundamental concepts of the philosophies of nursing practice, Grand Theories, theories and conceptual models; (3) main characteristics of nursing diagnoses and the logical sequence of the phases of the nursing process based on the main theoretical models; (4) the fundamental principles for the application of theories/conceptual models in different care settings.
2. Applied knowledge and understanding ability
Be able to adopt the epistemological approach in the analysis of disciplinary contents.
3. Judgment autonomy
Have developed the ability to critically analyze and compare theories/conceptual models covered.
4. Communication skills
Know and use correct and appropriate technical-professional language to clearly and unambiguously expose the knowledge acquired and the reasoning developed.
5. Learning skills
Prepare the exam by individually planning and managing the study based on the content of the lessons, the teaching material provided and the sources suggested for further study.

None

1. The scientific development of nursing
2. Nursing models and theories
3. The basics of the methodology of clinical reasoning in nursing
4. Applicability of theories/ conceptual models

There are no mandatory texts to purchase. The following texts could be helpful for personal study:
Manzoni E. Le radici e le foglie. 2016. Ed. Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
Meleis AI. Teoretica infermieristica. 2013. Ed. Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano.
Motta PC. Introduzione alle Scienze Infermieristiche. 2002. Ed. Carocci Faber, Roma.
Zanotti R. Filosofia e teoria nella moderna concettualità del nursing professionale. 2010. Ed. Piccin, Padova.
Material provided by the teacher

1. THE SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENT OF NURSING
- Epistemology of the nursing discipline.
- Description of the main stages of the evolution of nursing.

2. NURSING MODELS AND THEORIES
- Definition of the fundamental concepts of the philosophies of nursing practice, Grand Theories, theories and conceptual models.

3. THE BASIS OF THE METHODOLOGY OF CLINICAL NURSING REASONING
- Description of the main characteristics of nursing diagnoses.
- Description of the logical sequence of the phases of the nursing process based on the main theoretical models: nursing assessment and the conceptual models of reference, identification of nursing care needs, the taxonomic system, the choice of care interventions based on evidence, verification of the results achieved.

4. APPLICABILITY OF THEORIES/CONCEPTUAL MODELS
- Knowledge of the fundamental principles for the application of theories/conceptual models in different care settings.

Frontal lessons with extensive use of interaction between students and teacher with the aid of projections of files in Power Point or compatible format developed by the teacher.

Material on the main topics of the program will be provided (on Moodle platform). For the final evaluation it is essential to integrate such content with what has been learned and discussed in class.

The examination will take place through an oral interview with the teachers, integrated with the other teaching modules (see the Syllabus). The aim is to assess the student’s ability to present the required content using context-appropriate language, demonstrate in-depth knowledge of the program topics, master the specialist language, and develop reasoning by applying theoretical knowledge, while at the same time showing analytical skills with regard to Nursing Epistemology and Theory.
The evaluation (out of 30 points) will be assigned based on the following criteria:
Not eligible: Poor or insufficient knowledge and understanding of the topics; limited analytical and synthesis skills, frequent generalizations of the required content; inability to use technical language.
18–20: Barely sufficient knowledge and understanding of the topics, with evident imperfections; barely sufficient analytical, synthesis, and independent judgment skills; poor ability to use technical language.
21–23: Sufficient knowledge and understanding of the topics; sufficient analytical and synthesis skills with the ability to argue the required content logically and coherently; sufficient ability to use technical language.
24–26: Fair knowledge and understanding of the topics; fair analytical and synthesis skills with the ability to argue the required content rigorously; fair ability to use technical language.
27–29: Good knowledge and understanding of the required content; good analytical and synthesis skills with the ability to argue the required content rigorously; good ability to use technical language.
30–30 with honors: Excellent knowledge and understanding of the required content, with outstanding analytical and synthesis skills and the ability to argue the required content rigorously, innovatively, and originally; excellent ability to use technical language.

3 Good Health and Well- being
4 Quality education