D1. Knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course the student must demonstrate knowledge of laboratory accreditation procedures with particular regard to the quality parameters of the analytical result. Students also understand with the concept of the quality assurance (QA) program in a chemistry laboratory and the validation of analytical methods based on current regulations. D2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: At the end of the course the student must be able to apply the knowledge acquired in point D1. He must know how to apply the quality assurance program in a chemistry lab and the validation procedure of analytical method based on the current regulations. D3. Autonomy of judgment: At the end of the course the student must know how to recognize and apply the best instrumental analytical techniques and deciding how to operate to ensure the QA process in an analytical chemistry laboratory. D4. Communication skills: At the end of the course the student must be able to clearly explain the concepts acquired in point D1. To know how to report the accreditation procedure and to present correctly the analytical result. He must also be able to participate in a critical discussion regarding course topics and giving appropriate suggestions. D5. Learning skills: At the end of the course the student must be able to study independently the topics covered. He must be able to transfer the concepts learned in subsequent courses and knowing how to design and propose an accredited and validated analytical procedure.

It is necessary to have acquired the knowledge and skills foreseen in Analytical Chemistry I and II with laboratory courses during the Chemistry Bachelor Programme.

Introduction to statistical analysis in analytical chemistry.
Presentation of analytical results.
Validation of analytical methods and data quality parameters.
Accreditation and ISO 17025.
Quality assurance in the chemical laboratory. Evaluation and estimation of measurement uncertainty. Control charts.
Examples of analytical procedures and economical assessment.
Regulations and official methods of analysis. Accreditation organizations and calibration. Measurement uncertainty and legal limits.

E. Desimoni e B. Brunetti, "Assicurazione di qualità nel laboratorio chimico", CLUEB (Bologna-2003)
B. Neidhart, W. Wegscheider, "Quality in Chemical Measurements", Springer, 2001.
James N. Miller, Jane C. Miller, "Statistics and Chemometrics for Analytical Chemistry", Pearson Prentice Hall; 5 edition, 2005.
The Fitness for Purpose of Analytical Methods A Laboratory Guide to Method Validation and Related Topics, LGC, Eurachem, 1998.
R. Cozzi, P. Protti, T. Ruaro, “Analisi Chimica Strumentale”, 2° edizione, Zanichelli, 1997 (3 volumi).
K. A. Rubinson and J. F. Rubinson, “Chimica Analitica Strumentale”, Zanichelli, 2002.
For teaching slides see moodle and MS-Teams course sites.

Introduction to statistics.
Introduction to statistical analysis in analytical chemistry; presentation of analytical results.
Normal distribution, and confidence intervals. Applications to the analytical result. Examples.
Significance Tests: t test and F test. Paired t-test, Q test, chi-square test. Examples and applications.
Curves of calibration in analytical chemistry: examples and exercises with excel software TM.
Validation of analytical methods and data quality parameters. ISO 17025.
Selectivity and specificity: definitions and exercises; case studies
Limits of detection and quantification: definitions and exercises.
WEB literature search: exercises.
Accreditation and ISO 17025.
Quality assurance in the laboratory. "Accredia" site.
Calibration and Linear Regression: definitions and exercises.
Linearity and calibration procedures.
Accuracy and precision: definitions and exercises on case studies.
Certified reference materials. Repeatability and Reproducibility: definitions and exercises on case studies.
Uncertainty of measurement.
Evaluation and estimation of measurement uncertainty: Compliance and non-compliance.
Horwitz equation in the evaluation of uncertainty.
The Robustness: definition and exercises.
The recovery in chemical analysis. Control charts and Shewart charts. Examples and exercises.
Case study: pollution of marine sediments.
Examples of analytical procedures and economical assessment.
Traceability. Case study: pesticides in apples (the role of the analyst and the client).
Regulations and official methods of analysis. Accreditation organizations and calibration. Measurement uncertainty and legal limits.

Classroom lectures, exercises and application on real case studies. Classroom group exercises and design of an “accredited laboratory”.

Students who have registered a disability certification or DSA certification are requested to inform the instructor at the beginning of the course to arrange a personalized learning path suited to their needs, beyond the compensatory and dispensatory measures provided for the exam.

The learning assessment takes place through 1) a final written test, 2) the evaluation of in-depth activities on teaching topics carried out in the classroom and 3) the presentation of a final project on analytical and environmental issues. An oral examination is finally carried out. The written test concerns the program and applications to real cases: 10-15 questions with some theoretical questions and others as numerical problems similar to those carried out in the classroom. The oral exam will be mainly aimed at ascertaining the knowledge of the theory and will include the discussion of the written test. The final grade will be based on four assessments: classroom activities (10%), final presentation (20%), final written exam (60%), and oral discussion of the written exam (10%). All the tests aim to ascertain the student's knowledge of the theoretical aspects of the subject, with numerical exercises and applications to real cases.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs)