Knowledge and understanding: The student must acquire knowledge suitable for interpreting signs and symptoms concerning the most frequent acute and chronic pathologies in the various stages of the pediatric age: infant, child, teenager. Know the stages of psychomotor development in the early years of life. Knowing how to deal with care problems in children with psychomotor retardation.
Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: The student must be able to apply knowledge of anatomy, biochemistry and genetics to understand the etiopathogenesis of the most frequent diseases of interest in physiotherapy.
Autonomy of judgment: The student must be able to use the knowledge acquired to develop his own autonomy of judgment regarding the main clinical pictures.
Communication skills: At the end of the course, the student will have to know and use appropriate technical and professional terminology and be able to correctly communicate information related to assistance issues.
Ability to learn: At the end of the course, the student must be able to demonstrate that he has learned the main topics of the course and be able to prepare for the exam by individually planning and managing the study based on the content of the lessons, the didactic material delivered and suggested sources for further information

Physiopathology of pulmonary, gastroenterologic and neurological systems

1. The peculiarities of the "child" and of pediatrics today: the epidemiological, social and personal weight of the dysfunctional child. 2. Pain in the child: prevention and treatment 3. Development and physical, immunological, psychomotor and relational development 4. Pediatrics and primary and secondary prevention: vaccinations, neonatal screening, 6 messages more one to the new mothers 5-Healthy and pathological newborn. Control of pregnancy and embryo-fetal pathology. Childbirth and assistance to the newborn. Characteristics and classification of newborns. Objectivity and neonatal adaptation. Screenings with related diseases. Skills of the newborn. Feeding and management of the infant. Neonatal pathology: respiratory failure, NEC, sepsis, neonatal hemorrhages, cranial traumas and obstetric paralysis, inborn errors of metabolism, drug abstinence syndrome. The problems of early deliveries, the problems of the small for gestational age and of the post delivery. Macrosomia. Medically assisted procreation. Follow-up. 6. Nutrition and diseases: Generalities including needs, breastfeeding, weaning. Deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, of iron. Malnutrition. Obesity. 7. Clinical genetics: Classification of genetic diseases. Models of genetic disease: chromosomal syndromes (Down, Turner, Klinefelter), microdelection syndromes (Williams, Di George, Prader Willi, Angelman), monogenic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Muscular dystrophy, SMA, Noonan, Marfan, Meurofibromatosis type I, X fragile, Silver Russel, Sotos, Beckwith-Wideman, Silver Russel, Sotos, CHARGE, Achondroplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, craniofaciostenosis), metabolic diseases (glycogenosis, galactosemia and fructose intolerance, mucopolysaccharidosis, beta oxidation defects, methylmalaonic organic aciduria and oiruvic acidosis congenital lactic, hyperammoniemia due to urea cycle disorders). 8. Congenital malformations and pathology: Teratogenicity and prevention, fetal-alcoholic syndrome (FAS), models of congenital cardiopathies (IVD, IAD, tetralogy of Fallot, aortic coarctation); models of gastro-intestinal malformations (esophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, Hirschsprung), genito-urinary (renal agenesis, hydronephrosis, ureterocele) cranio-facial (craniostenosis), hepatic (biliary atresia), CNS (spina bifida), multiple malformations ( VACTERL), achondroplasia, primordial dwarfs. 9. Infection pathology: Bacteria and viruses, sepsis, bacteraemia and viremia, exanthematous diseases. , meningitis, encephalitis, otitis, pharyngotonsillitis, pneumonia, hepatitis, osteoarthritis and piomisiti, lymphadenitis, urinary tract infections). Tuberculosis. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. 10. Diseases from or with impaired immune response: Types and mechanisms of immune response Sensitization pathology. Celiac disease, chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases; autoimmune hepatocolangites, glomerulo nephritis and nephrotic syndromes, autoimmune diseases of the endocrine glands, autoimmune encephalitis, food and respiratory allergy, atopy, atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis, haemolytic anemia, neutropenia and purple autoimmune thrombocytopenia, Kawasaki syndrome, schoenlein Henoch and others vasculitis in pediatric age. 11. Neoplasms: Generalities including risk factors and principles on transplantation. Leukemias, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Wilms tumor and neuroblastomas, retinoblastomas other brain tumors. Hemangiomas. 12. Organ failure: Cardiocirculatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Hepatic. Renal. Tubulopathies: renal insipid diabetes and Bartter's syndrome. 13. Endocrinopathies 14. Pediatric orthopedics 15. Pediatric surgery 16. Pediatric Rheumathology and Immunology

Karen J Marcdante
Robert M Kliegman

NELSON
Manuale di Pediatria
Edizione EDRA
Edizione 2022

1. The peculiarities of the "child" and of pediatrics today: the epidemiological, social and personal weight of the dysfunctional child. 2. Pain in the child: prevention and treatment 3. Development and physical, immunological, psychomotor and relational development 4. Pediatrics and primary and secondary prevention: vaccinations, neonatal screening, 6 messages more one to the new mothers 5-Healthy and pathological newborn. Control of pregnancy and embryo-fetal pathology. Childbirth and assistance to the newborn. Characteristics and classification of newborns. Objectivity and neonatal adaptation. Screenings with related diseases. Skills of the newborn. Feeding and management of the infant. Neonatal pathology: respiratory failure, NEC, sepsis, neonatal hemorrhages, cranial traumas and obstetric paralysis, inborn errors of metabolism, drug abstinence syndrome. The problems of early deliveries, the problems of the small for gestational age and of the post delivery. Macrosomia. Medically assisted procreation. Follow-up. 6. Nutrition and diseases: Generalities including needs, breastfeeding, weaning. Deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, of iron. Malnutrition. Obesity. 7. Clinical genetics: Classification of genetic diseases. Models of genetic disease: chromosomal syndromes (Down, Turner, Klinefelter), microdelection syndromes (Williams, Di George, Prader Willi, Angelman), monogenic diseases (Cystic fibrosis, Muscular dystrophy, SMA, Noonan, Marfan, Meurofibromatosis type I, X fragile, Silver Russel, Sotos, Beckwith-Wideman, Silver Russel, Sotos, CHARGE, Achondroplasia, osteogenesis imperfecta, craniofaciostenosis), metabolic diseases (glycogenosis, galactosemia and fructose intolerance, mucopolysaccharidosis, beta oxidation defects, methylmalaonic organic aciduria and oiruvic acidosis congenital lactic, hyperammoniemia due to urea cycle disorders). 8. Congenital malformations and pathology: Teratogenicity and prevention, fetal-alcoholic syndrome (FAS), models of congenital cardiopathies (IVD, IAD, tetralogy of Fallot, aortic coarctation); models of gastro-intestinal malformations (esophageal atresia, duodenal atresia, Hirschsprung), genito-urinary (renal agenesis, hydronephrosis, ureterocele) cranio-facial (craniostenosis), hepatic (biliary atresia), CNS (spina bifida), multiple malformations ( VACTERL), achondroplasia, primordial dwarfs. 9. Infection pathology: Bacteria and viruses, sepsis, bacteraemia and viremia, exanthematous diseases. , meningitis, encephalitis, otitis, pharyngotonsillitis, pneumonia, hepatitis, osteoarthritis and piomisiti, lymphadenitis, urinary tract infections). Tuberculosis. Hemolytic uremic syndrome. 10. Diseases from or with impaired immune response: Types and mechanisms of immune response Sensitization pathology. Celiac disease, chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases; autoimmune hepatocolangites, glomerulo nephritis and nephrotic syndromes, autoimmune diseases of the endocrine glands, autoimmune encephalitis, food and respiratory allergy, atopy, atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinitis, haemolytic anemia, neutropenia and purple autoimmune thrombocytopenia, Kawasaki syndrome, schoenlein Henoch and others vasculitis in pediatric age. 11. Neoplasms: Generalities including risk factors and principles on transplantation. Leukemias, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Wilms tumor and neuroblastomas, retinoblastomas other brain tumors. Hemangiomas. 12. Organ failure: Cardiocirculatory, Respiratory, Digestive, Hepatic. Renal. Tubulopathies: renal insipid diabetes and Bartter's syndrome. 13. Endocrinopathies 14. Pediatric orthopedics 15. Pediatric surgery 16. Pediatric Rheumathology and Immunology

Lessons;
Case presentation discussion

Any changes to the methods described here, which are necessary to ensure the application of the safety protocols related to the COVID19 emergency, will be communicated on the Department, Study Program and teaching website.

The oral exam, articulated in the form of an interview, includes a minimum of three questions with at least two teachers and will start from the clinical discussion of pediatric clinical cases. The oral test has an average duration of about 20/25 minutes in order to verify the level of knowledge of the program topics (topics covered in class and present in the book for the topics only mentioned in class), the level of mastery of the specialist language and the ability to develop reasoning by applying theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
The exam is based on the whole program of the course
The evaluation grid adopted is the following:
- Excellent (30 - 30 cum laude): excellent knowledge and diagnostic ability in the presentation of clinical cases of pediatric relevance; excellent knowledge of medical and/or surgical treatments for the cases presented; excellent language skills, excellent analytical skills; the student is able to brilliantly apply theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
- Very good (27 - 29): excellent knowledge and diagnostic ability in the presentation of clinical cases of pediatric relevance; excellent knowledge of medical and/or surgical treatments for the cases presented; remarkable fluency, good analytical skills; the student is able to correctly apply theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
- Good (24-26): good knowledge and diagnostic ability in the presentation of clinical cases of pediatric relevance; good knowledge of medical and/or surgical treatments for the cases presented, good command of language; the student shows an adequate ability to apply theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
- Satisfactory (21-23): the student does not show full discussion skills in front of the presentation of clinical cases in the pediatric field despite possessing the fundamental theoretical knowledge; however, he shows satisfactory language skills and sufficient ability to apply theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
- Sufficient (18-20): minimum knowledge and minimum diagnostic ability in the presentation of clinical cases of pediatric relevance; minimal knowledge of medical and/or surgical treatments for the cases presented and of the technical language, limited ability to adequately apply theoretical knowledge to concrete cases.
- Insufficient: the student does not have an acceptable knowledge of the contents of the various topics of the programme.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more objectives of the 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development of