D1 - Knowledge and ability to understand: Knowledge of the electrical and thermal models of photovoltaic (PV) modules, MPPT techniques and diagnostics, design principles of PV systems, as well as regulations and permitting procedures related to system deployment. Understanding of the technological and environmental principles underlying electric mobility, including the different types of electric vehicles, charging technologies, the impact on the power system, and environmental implications. D2 - Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: The acquired knowledge is used to understand methodologies for modeling, sizing, designing, and implementing a photovoltaic system based on given project data, and for calculating its main performance parameters. It is also applied to analyze electric mobility diffusion scenarios, assess charging technologies, estimate the impact of EV penetration on the electric grid, and understand integration strategies. The acquired knowledge also allows for the design of electric vehicle charging systems tailored to specific applications. D3 - Autonomy of judgment: Judgement skills are developed through the in-depth study of methods necessary to critically assess the various options for integrating PV systems into the territory, fostering autonomy in recognizing technical issues and proposing optimal solutions. The student will also develop the ability to critically evaluate the environmental, energy, and infrastructure implications of electric mobility, taking into account business models and regulatory frameworks. They will be able to make independent judgements on technological solutions and development strategies. D4 - Communication skills: The student will be able to clearly illustrate the design and functional features of a PV system, interact with technicians, administrators, and stakeholders, and produce technical documentation aligned with the requirements of permitting processes. Communication skills also include the ability to actively participate in technical discussions, clearly and logically express personal views, and collaborate effectively in teams to solve problems and develop projects related to EV charging infrastructure design. D5 - Learning skills: Development of the ability to stay updated on regulatory, technological, and procedural advancements in the photovoltaic sector, gaining familiarity with technical sources, databases, and software tools used in professional practice, as well as the ability to independently acquire new knowledge related to charging infrastructures and their design.

The course consists of two modules: - “Spatial Planning for Photovoltaic Systems”, focused on photovoltaic systems and their integration with the territory. - “E-Mobility”, focused on electric mobility. The “Spatial Planning for Photovoltaic Systems” module includes: - Modelling and control of PV systems - From the loss-less model to the five-parameter model. Dynamic and empirical modelling. Determination of model parameters and their effect on the current-voltage characteristic; effects of irradiance and temperature on electrical parameters; translation of parameters under conditions other than STC; types of faults in PV modules and the hotspot problem; half-cut and three-cut photovoltaic modules. diagnostic techniques; MPPT techniques and their implementation; introduction to the main forecasting techniques; principles of thermal modelling of a PV module. - Design of a PV system in the industrial and utility scale - Plant design; evaluation of consumption, the importance of storage and its sizing; software to support design, environmental data database, 3D layout of the PV generator; - Realisation of PV systems: procedural procedures: single authorisation, simplified authorisation procedure (PAS), communication to the municipality, declaration of start of work (Dichiarazione di Inizio Lavori Asseverata), free building activities (Attività in edilizia libera). Landscape, historical and architectural constraints. - Laboratory experience The “E-Mobility” module includes: - Electric vehicle technology: a brief history - Electric vehicles and the environment: energy savings, carbon emissions and local pollution - Electric vehicle market and state of the art - Types of electric vehicles and main configurations: BEV, PHEV, HEV - Charging technologies: wired charging, inductive charging, battery swapping - The impact on the power system: usage patterns for vehicles, EV demand and penetration level, distance travelled, charging period, charging infrastructure, charging strategies, impact on the electrical grid. Vehicle-to-Anything. Case studies and examples. - Regulatory framework and business models - The Smart Grid and Mobility Laboratory at the University of Trieste - Electric propulsion vessels

- G. Petrone, C. A. Ramos‐Paja, and G. Spagnuolo, Photovoltaic Sources Modeling, 1st ed., Wiley, 2017. - R. Garcia-Valle and J. A. P. Lopes, Electric Vehicle Integration into Modern Power Networks, Springer Science & Business Media, 2012. - S. Sachan, S. Padmanaban, and S. Deb, Smart Charging Solutions for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles, John Wiley & Sons, 2022. - J. Larminie and J. Lowry, Electric Vehicle Technology Explained, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

The course consists of two modules: - “Spatial Planning for Photovoltaic Systems”, focused on photovoltaic systems and their integration with the territory. - “E-Mobility”, focused on electric mobility. The “Spatial Planning for Photovoltaic Systems” module includes: - Modelling and control of PV systems - From the loss-less model to the five-parameter model. Dynamic and empirical modelling. Determination of model parameters and their effect on the current-voltage characteristic; effects of irradiance and temperature on electrical parameters; translation of parameters under conditions other than STC; types of faults in PV modules and the hotspot problem; half-cut and three-cut photovoltaic modules. diagnostic techniques; MPPT techniques and their implementation; introduction to the main forecasting techniques; principles of thermal modelling of a PV module. - Design of a PV system in the industrial and utility scale - Plant design; evaluation of consumption, the importance of storage and its sizing; software to support design, environmental data database, 3D layout of the PV generator; - Realisation of PV systems: procedural procedures: single authorisation, simplified authorisation procedure (PAS), communication to the municipality, declaration of start of work (Dichiarazione di Inizio Lavori Asseverata), free building activities (Attività in edilizia libera). Landscape, historical and architectural constraints. - Laboratory experience The “E-Mobility” module includes: - Electric vehicle technology: a brief history - Electric vehicles and the environment: energy savings, carbon emissions and local pollution - Electric vehicle market and state of the art - Types of electric vehicles and main configurations: BEV, PHEV, HEV - Charging technologies: wired charging, inductive charging, battery swapping - The impact on the power system: usage patterns for vehicles, EV demand and penetration level, distance travelled, charging period, charging infrastructure, charging strategies, impact on the electrical grid. Vehicle-to-Anything. Case studies and examples. - Regulatory framework and business models - The Smart Grid and Mobility Laboratory at the University of Trieste - Electric propulsion vessels

Lectures and Matlab exercises conducted in class. Teaching materials are provided via Teams or Moodle platforms. A laboratory session on photovoltaic systems and a visit to the Smart Grid and E-Mobility Laboratory at the University of Trieste are planned. Seminars are conducted by industry experts.

Slides of lessons are uploaded on Moodle.

Oral exam including theoretical questions and discussion of numerical exercises carried out during the course.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs)