KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
Knowing the basics of scientific research methodology.
Knowing the different research designs and the hierarchy of sources ("pyramid of evidence");
Understanding strengths and limitations of the EBN/EBM philosophy, as well as similar ones related to the medical field
Knowing the guidelines contents, aims production methods
Knowing elements of descriptive statistics, applications of probability calculation and inferential statistics
Knowing the fundamental principles of epidemiology applied to medicine based on scientific evidence

ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
Knowing how to understand, evaluate and classify the relevant literature according to the hierarchy of sources to make decisions and respond to the research problem
Knowing how to identify the phases of the research process in the articles
Being able to understand and apply elements of statistics to experiments and research in the medical, nursing and epidemiological fields

AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT
Knowing how to distinguish research articles and research reports of quantitative studies from those using a qualitative or mixed approach
Knowing how to interpret and design an epidemiological study
Knowing how to judge the methodological quality, the methods of data collection and analysis, the reliability and applicability of the literature sources in clinical practice.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Knowing and useing a correct and appropriate technical-professional terminology to describe the biases and the qualitative levels of the literature sources.
Being able to express appropriately about the basic topics of statistics on biomedical-health applications

LEARNING ABILITY
Preparing the exam by analyzing the contents and evaluating the applicability of a scientific article based on what was learned in class and on the sources suggested for further study.
Being able to grasp the salient elements of new topics, in particular on research methodology and data processing in the biomedical field.

Basic knowledge of mathematics and hygiene

Patient safety: reactive and proactive approaches to clinical risk management
Adverse events, sentinel events and near misses
Tools and techniques for the detection and analysis of adverse events
Evidence-Based Professional Practice (EBN, EBM)
Primary and secondary research designs
Quantitative, qualitative and mixed approach in scientific research.
Statistical method and statistical principles in the biomedical field.
Concepts of descriptive statistics, probability calculus and inferential statistics.
Qualitative assessment of literature sources and criteria of applicability in practice
Definition and methods of guidelines production
Risk factors and protective factors for disease or death
Primary, secondary and tertiary prevention
Methodology of epidemiological research and epidemiological studies
Main socio-health indicators

Please refer to the Syllabus of the individual teaching modules

Please refer to the Syllabus of the individual teaching modules

Academic lessons, individual and teamworks

The final exam will take place in a joint session of the integrated course through a written test (MCQ), followed by an oral test in small students’ groups focused on the critical analysis of a scientific article. The final grade will be assigned as the arithmetic average of both exams.
The written test will consist of 15 questions with three or four answers (only one correct) to be answered in a maximum time of 40 minutes.
The evaluation (pass: 18/30) will be assigned based on the following criteria:
Insufficient: Poor or deficient quality of article analysis. Clear shortcomings in the theoretical basis for identifying biases. Evident lack of knowledge of the basics of statistics related to the course program. Inability to make an objective judgment about the applicability of research findings in practice. Clear asymmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and presentation.
18-20: Just enough quality of the article's analysis. Weaknesses in the theoretical basis for the identification of biases. Just enough ability to analyze research results based on knowledge of statistics related to the course program. Limited ability to make an objective judgment about the applicability of research findings in practice. Clear asymmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and presentation.
21-23: Sufficient quality of the analysis of the article. Limited deficiencies in the theoretical basis for identifying biases. Sufficient ability to analyze research results based on knowledge of statistics related to the course program. Sufficient ability to make an objective judgment on the applicability of research findings in practice. Clear asymmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and presentation.
24-26: Fair quality of the analysis of the article. Minor deficiencies in the theoretical basis for the identification of biases. Fair ability to analyze research results based on knowledge of statistics related to the course program. Fair ability to express an objective judgment on the applicability of research findings in practice. Evident symmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and exposition.
27-29: Good quality of the analysis of the article. Minor deficiencies in the theoretical basis for the identification of biases. Good ability to analyze research results based on knowledge of statistics related to the course programme. Good ability to make an objective judgment on the applicability of research findings in practice. Evident symmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and exposition.
30-30L: Excellent quality of article analysis. Absence of deficiencies in the theoretical basis for the identification of biases. Excellent ability to analyze research results based on knowledge of statistics related to the course program. Excellent ability to express an objective judgment on the applicability of research findings in practice. Evident symmetry in the contribution of individual students to the analysis and exposition. Laude: Ability to argue the required contents in a rigorous, innovative and original way.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs)