The aim of the course is to treat the processes that determine the acute and chronic changes induced by motor and sports activities on the cardiovascular system in different populations, age groups and gender. The course will also cover elements of pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases of more frequent feedback.At the end of the course the student will have to demonstrate:

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The student must be able to identify the main pathologies of the cardiovascular system, which in the integrated course will be framed in the context of anatomy and physio-pathological with particular reference to conditions at high risk of cardiovascular complications.

ABILITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
-use evaluation techniques to collect accurate data on the main health problems of the patients;
-assess the progress of care in collaboration with the interdisciplinary team;

AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT
-take decisions on social assistance
-critically assess the outcomes of care decisions based on patient outcomes and care standards

ABILITY TO LEARN
-develop independent study skills
-demonstrate the ability to cultivate doubts and to tolerate uncertainties arising from study and practice by asking appropriate and relevant questions to resolve them
-demonstrate the ability to continuously research self-learning opportunities
-demonstrate self-assessment skills and outline their development and learning needs
-demonstrate ability and autonomy to search for the information necessary to solve problems or uncertainties of professional practice by critically selecting secondary and primary sources of research evidence

Communication skills
The student must demonstrate a correct use of specialist terminology in the cardiovascular field and the ability to expose, even in non-expert subjects, acute and chronic changes of the cardiovascular system.

Compliance with the prerequisites

Significance of the monitoring of vital signs, and cardiovascular implications in the detection of altered values (heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, diuresis, body temperature)

Cardiac thoracic pain diagnostics: stable angina, unstable angina and heart attack; non-ischemic cardiovascular chest pain (dissecting aortic aneurysm, pericarditis).

Pathophysiology of stable angina and acute coronary syndromes. Clinical: stable angina and acute coronary syndromes. Principles of therapy: stable angina and acute coronary syndromes.

Chronic heart failure and acute heart failure (acute pulmonary edema). Causes, clinical and therapy principles. Role of the nurse in the treatment of disease progression.

Valvulopathy (etiology, physiopathology). Cardiomyopathy (classification) Endocarditis.

Normal ECG. Meaning of P, QRS, T and ST waves.

Arrhythmias (classification: bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmias). Atrial fibrillation.

Instrumental examinations in cardiology (ECG, stress test, ultrasound, scintigraphy, angiography, magnetic resonance, new endovascular imaging techniques) indications to their use and limitations .

Tasks and priorities of nursing staff in cardiovascular emergencies

Rugarli Medicina Interna Sistematica, vol 1
- Cardiac Nursing, A compendium to Braunwald's Heart Disease.

Basis of Electrocardiography, Preoperative Cardiology Evaluation, Ischemic Cardiopathy (Acute Coronary Syndrome and Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease). Presentation, clinic, diagnostic investigations, outline of therapy. Periodontopathies and ischemic heart disease
Heart failure and cardiomyopathies. Presentation, clinic, diagnostic investigations, outline of therapy. Hypertension. Presentation, clinic, diagnostic investigations, outline of therapy
Valvular disease. Presentation, clinic, diagnostic investigations, outline of therapy.
Bacterial endocarditis. Presentation, clinic, diagnostic investigations, outline of therapy.
Atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy.

Lectures with slides. Lessons will be recorded during the lesson and made available to students for study.

lessons will be present on the Moodle platform and/or on the Teams platform

Oral exam.
The student will have an interview with the members of the Commission on three key topics of the programme.
The oral exam is used to assess the level of knowledge and competence achieved by the student related to the topics of the program. The duration of the examination varies depending on the course of the test itself. . The test consists of an interview in which questions will be asked about at least n. 3 different topics of the program. The test allows to verify: I) the level of knowledge of the matter; II) the clarity of exposition; III) the property of medical-scientific language.
The following parameters will be taken into account for the final vote:
Grade 29-30 and praise: the student has a THOROUGH knowledge of the subject has excellent communication skills and masters the medical-scientific language.

Grade 26-28: the student has a GOOD knowledge of the subject and exposes the topics clearly using an appropriate medical-scientific language;
Grade 22-25: the student has a DECENT knowledge of the subject, even if limited to the main topics and exposes the topics in a fairly clear with a decent property of language;
Grade 18-21: the student has the MINIMUM knowledge of the anatomical matter and exposes the topics in a sufficiently clear although the property of language is poorly developed; Exam not passed: the student DOES NOT HAVE THE MINIMUM KNOWLEDGE required of the main contents of the teaching. The ability to use the specific language is very little or nothing and is not able to apply the acquired knowledge independently.

This course explores topics closely related to one or more goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs)