Acquire knowledge and practical competences relative to cartography, classical and satellite surveying techniques, laser scanning and photogrammetric technologies and data adjustment. D1 - knowledge and understanding At the end of the course the student must be able to know the principal reference systems and cartographic projections, the digital spatial data acquisition techniques, the basic principles of spatial data adjustment. D2 - applying knowledge and understanding The student must be able to recognize the different reference and map projection systems, to know the principal digital georeferenced data acquisition techniques and to evaluate their accuracies and the application fields. D3 - making judgements The student must be able to critically analyze the digital georeferenced data acquisition methodologies and their applications to civil and environmental engineering. D4 - communication skills The student must be able to describe the reference and projection system properties and the digital georeferenced data acquisition techniques with adequate language properties. D5 – learning skills At the end of the course the student must be able to identify and recognize the different reference systems and types of cartographic data, understand and critically discuss plano-altimetric survey techniques and their characteristics, acquire basic knowledge regarding the statistical treatment of observations.

Base competences on Mathematics, Geometry and Physics.

Geodesy: reference systems, ellipsoid and geoid, coordinate systems, transformations between reference systems. Cartography: principal cartographic representations, altazimuthal, conic, cylindric. Deformation modules. Gnomonic reprtesentation, simple and two parallel conic representation. Polar Stereographic Projection (UPS), Cassini-Soldner, Gauss-Boaga, Mercator and U.T.M. projections. Italian official cartography (IGM maps, C.T.R.N. Technical Numeric Regional Cartography, Cadaster maps, Müller Cartograhy of Trieste). Transformation between reference systems. Digital data source: classic topographic instruments (mechanical theodolites and electronic integrated theodolites, EDM, digital levels). Plano-altimetric surveys. Planimetric networks. Levelling: tacheometric levelling, geometric levelling, trigonometric levelling. Associated precision. GNSS: spatial, control and user segments; stand-alone and differential positioning; pseudorange and phase measurements; measurement techniques: static and kinematic surveying (OTF and RTK) and DGPS (RTCM). Applications of GNSS to civil and environmental engineering and terrestrial, maritime and aerial navigation. EGNOS (European Geostationary Overlay Navigation System). Laser scanning: theory and applications. Errors and data statistical adjustment. Plano-altimetric networks adjustment - associated statistical parameters. Photogrammetry: photogrammetric cameras. I Internal and external orientation parameters. Relative parameters. Collinearity equations. Stereo-models. Photogrammetric restitutions. Digital photogrammetry from drones. Practical lessons: cartography, transformations between reference systems, classical theodolites, total stations, mechanical and digital levels, GNSS instruments, laser scanners, drones.

Inghilleri - Topografia generale ed. Hoepli G. Folloni - Topografia Digital material prepared by the teacher and published on Moodle platform.

Geodesy: reference systems, ellipsoid and geoid, coordinate systems, transformations between reference systems. Cartography: principal cartographic representations, altazimuthal, conic, cylindric. Deformation modules. Gnomonic reprtesentation, simple and two parallel conic representation. Sanson-Flamsteed Projection, Polar Stereographic Projection (UPS), Cassini-Soldner, Gauss-Boaga, Mercator and U.T.M. projections. Italian official cartography (IGM maps, C.T.R.N. Technical Numeric Regional Cartography, Cadaster maps, Müller Cartograhy of Trieste). Transformation between reference systems. Digital data source: classic topographic instruments (mechanical theodolites and electronic integrated theodolites, EDM, digital levels). Plano-altimetric surveys. Planimetric networks. Levelling: tacheometric levelling, geometric levelling, trigonometric levelling. Associated precision. GNSS: spatial, control and user segments; stand-alone and differential positioning; pseudorange and phase measurements; measurement techniques: static and kinematic surveying (OTF and RTK) and DGPS (RTCM). Applications of GNSS to civil and environmental engineering and terrestrial, maritime and aerial navigation. EGNOS (European Geostationary Overlay Navigation System). Laser scanning: theory and applications. Errors and data statistical adjustment. Plano-altimetric networks adjustment - associated statistical parameters. Photogrammetry: photogrammetric cameras. I Internal and external orientation parameters. Relative parameters. Collinearity equations. Stereo-models. Photogrammetric restitutions. Digital photogrammetry from drones. Practical lessons: cartography, transformations between reference systems, classical theodolites, total stations, mechanical and digital levels, GNSS instruments, laser scanners, drones.

Teoretic lessons in the room, use of Questionnaires and clickers to verify the knowledge/learnings. Video recorded lessons (on Teams platform); digital material on Moodle, Seminars on innovative applications in the field of Topography and cartography and practical lessons on cartography, total stations, levelling, surveying using classical and satellite positioning systems, drones, laser scanners and photogrammetry.

The teacher put at disposal of the students other material like videos (Teams), web links and digital material (on Moodle platform) in order to help students to prepare to the exam.

The students will prepare and discuss at the oral exam a project work relative to topics trached during the Course: digital cartography/topographic surveys/GNSS/GIS/laser scanning. To the project work additional marks from 0 to 3 points will be assigned, considering the level of clarity, completeness and in-depth analysis of the subject. Oral exam on the topics presented during the Couse: a first question is relative to Geodesy and Cartography, a second question is related to digital data acquisition methods, a third question is relative to data adjustment.

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